A
Dialogue with Rights & Democracy
Remarks by
the Hon. David Kilgour, Member of Parliament
(Edmonton Southeast) and Secretary of State
(Asia-Pacific) at the International Centre
on Human Rights and Democratic Development
Montreal,
QC
20 May 2003
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Thank you
for having me here. Merci.
It almost
goes without saying that Rights & Democracy
plays a vital role in helping shape Canadas
foreign and development policies. Across
government and both houses of Parliament,
you are considered one of Canadas
foremost authorities on human rights, their
protection, and their promotion. You act
as a conscience for decision
makers in many corner and other offices.
Your work reinforces the categorical imperative
of keeping human rights and human dignity
at the centre of all decision making.
Jaimerais
ouvrir la voie à notre discussion
ce matin en énonçant brièvement
certaines des difficultés avec lesquelles
nous sommes aux prises lorsquil sagit
de défendre et de promouvoir les
droits de la personne, tout en centrant
bien entendu la plupart des observations
sur la région de lAsie-Pacifique.
En bout de ligne, jespère entendre
votre point de vue dans le cadre dune
discussion libre.
La plupart
des Canadiens sattendent à
ce que leurs gouvernements fassent la promotion
des valeurs canadiennes à létranger.
Ils désirent donc forcément
que les droits de la personne se retrouvent
en évidence dans la politique étrangère
du Canada. Cela sest manifesté
haut et fort pendant le récent dialogue
sur la politique étrangère.
Les Canadiens veulent que nous fassions
connaître le modèle canadien
: une société multiculturelle
inclusive, qui apprécie le rôle
de la communauté, tout en comprenant
la nature inaliénable des droits
individuels garantis par la primauté
du droit; un modèle où les
droits de la personne et la dignité
humaine résident dans chacun des
citoyens canadiens.
I wish you
all could have been present yesterday in
Parliament as we closed the seminar following
the annual National Prayer Breakfast. A
young Montreal woman whose family fled Iraq
in 1990 offered a Muslim prayer; she stood
beside a young Ottawa man of origin in southern
Sudan, who in turn prayed for peace and
forgiveness as a Christian.
Canadians
have no monopoly on human rights and human
dignity. As was eloquently stated by Iris
Almeida [is she here?], your Director of
Policy and Programming, at the Montreal
town-hall of the dialogue:
We
must be clear that these are universal values
enshrined in the United Nations International
Bill of Human Rights that Canadians cherish
but also share with many citizens and states
around the world. Our foreign policy should
not be conceived as an exportation of Canadians
values but rather as our unique and significant
contribution to the common goals and projects
of humanity.
I couldnt
agree more.
As Canadians,
how do we ensure that our unique and
significant contribution is both heard
and is effective?
There are
no easy answers. Id like to share
with you some personal thoughts respect
to Canadas unique contribution
to the common goals and projects of humanity.
First, the
Canadian governments policies in protecting
and promoting human rights have traditionally
been most effective when developed hand-in-hand
with civil societies.
Second,
Canadas civil society is going to
have a key role to play in conveying the
uniqueness of our Canadian model.
Third, history
indicates that human rights are best defended
when the international community acts in
concert; consequently Canada needs to redouble
its efforts to reinforce multilateral institutions.
Finally,
the defence of human rights cannot be left
to states and civil society alone; our unique
contribution will in part be measured by
how well we can work in partnership with
the private sector.
Ces concepts
sont intimement liés à la
démocratie. Notre promotion des valeurs
canadiennes et notre défense des
droits de la personne sont indissociables
de la promotion des principes démocratiques.
Les possibilités créées
par la démocratie afin que les gens
du monde entier vivent une vie épanouie
sont évidentes, je ne my attarderai
donc pas.
Le travail
et la consultation auprès de la société
civile sont ce qui a motivé le ministre
Graham à lancer le dialogue sur la
politique étrangère au début
de lannée. Plus de 3 500 personnes
ont participé aux forums de discussion,
19 tables rondes dexperts ont eu lieu,
et le rapport sur le dialogue du ministre
Graham a été téléchargé
à 20 000 reprises.
In the last
fifty years, some of Canadas most
important global accomplishments-- the Ottawa
Land Mines Treaty and the International
Criminal Court come to mind-- would not
have been possible with the active collaboration
of Canadian NGOs.
The uniqueness
of Canadian civil society is that it reflects
our vibrant yet mostly peaceful multi-ethnic
character. About a year ago when the Aga
Khan was in Canada, he asked outright, How
does the Canadian model work and can you
export it? If it only our model were
easily duplicated. It is the product of
well over 300 years of modern history and
it is difficult if not impossible to package
it for export purposes.
Cela dit,
il ny a probablement jamais eu dans
lhistoire de lhumanité
des divisions plus profondes entre les cultures
et les croyances quaujourdhui.
En semployant à obtenir le
respect universel des principes des droits
de la personne, nous devons surmonter ces
divisions. Nous pouvons y parvenir notamment
si notre gouvernement appuie les liens entre
la société civile canadienne
et dautres parties du monde, en particulier
dans les pays multiethniques tentant de
créer une stabilité politique
et sociale. Nos contributions au processus
de paix au Sri Lanka viennent à lesprit.
Un autre
exemple est le travail continu de M. Uner
Turgay, directeur des études islamiques
à lUniversité McGill,
qui a récemment visité certains
pays de lAsie-Pacifique pour évaluer
les relations entre le Canada et les communautés
musulmanes de lAsie du Sud-Est. À
son retour, il a signalé que la communauté
islamique de la région se sent «
assiégée » et a décrit
ce quil nomme un « grave manque
de communication entre le monde occidental
et islamique ». M. Turgay entreprendra
évidemment des projets de suivi,
et organisera peut-être une conférence
ici à Montréal dans les prochains
mois à laquelle certains dentre
vous seront sans doute invités
avec des pays partenaires de lAsie,
dont la Thaïlande, lIndonésie,
le Brunéi et la Malaisie.
With respect
to reinvigorating international institutions,
most Canadians hold that humanitys
best interests lie with the universal norms
of international law and within the framework
of the United Nations. As the world becomes
more interdependent, it strikes me as folly
to abandon the planets most interdependent
institution, the United Nations. With the
onset of international terrorism and the
fear fostered by diseases like SARS which
dont bother with international boundaries
the world is in dire need of more
multilateralism, not less.
Now, in
the immediate aftermath of the war in Iraq,
we need to take stock of our existing multilateral
institutions and consider how to make them
more effective. Can we realistically discuss
reforming the security council? Can we consider
greater roles for more representative bodies
such as the G20? How do we reform the much-criticized
UN Commission on Human Rights? Difficult
questions that will require strong leadership
perhaps leadership that Canada is
well placed to provide.
Finally,
now more than ever there is scope to promote
human rights and human dignity in partnership
with the private sector. Making money and
defending human rights are not mutually
exclusive principles. In fact, company bottom
lines are now more than ever are influenced
by the public expectation that they operate
in a manner consistent with the principles
of human rights.
Our government
is under pressure to reward and reinforce
good corporate social responsibility (CSR)
practices by Canadian companies, and to
develop policies that address Canadian corporate
activity in zones of conflict and regions
with weak governance. Certainly, some high
publicity cases, such as Talisman Energys
operations in Sudan and Ivanhoe Mines
projects in Burma, have spurned this process
forward.
In the coming
years, we will need to focus on a common
framework for Canadian business with respect
to CSR. We have to be more resolute in communicating
OECD guidelines for multi-national enterprises
to Canadian businesses, labour groups, and
NGOs. The idea of Publish What you
Pay, whereby natural resource companies
would be required to publish how much theyre
paying the government to extract these resources,
in countries like Angola and the DRC, deserves
attention. Ultimately, what we need to do
is explore ways to better institutionalise
the cooperation between government, the
private-sector, and NGOs, such that we can
consult on best practices and work together
to promote development, good governance,
and human rights.
Pour
conclure,
jai abordé des questions très
vastes, dont nous pourrions discuter pendant
des heures. En ce qui concerne les priorités
géographiques personnelles en
Asie-Pacifique,
jen ai seulement mentionné
quelques-unes : la Chine, le Sri Lanka et
la Birmanie.
Avant dentamer
notre discussion, je terminerai en vous
proposant un dernier sujet de réflexion
: nous ne pouvons pas oublier la question
des ressources, humaines et financières.
De tous les points que jai traités,
quil sagisse de mieux faire
participer la société civile,
ou la RSE, ou le renforcement des institutions
multilatérales; et les secteurs dont
je nai pas discuté : la hausse
des dépenses en matière de
défense et laide au développement
au bout du compte, tout se résume
à déterminer nos priorités
et à affecter les ressources suffisantes
pour les réaliser. Ces décisions
ne se prennent pas en vase clos. Même
si les sondages révèlent que
la plupart des Canadiens désirent
voir augmenter les dépenses en matière
de sécurité et laide
au développement, la plupart ne veulent
pas souscrire à ces augmentations
si elles se font aux dépens des soins
de santé et de léducation.
Dont
get me wrong, Im not abdicating responsibility
for the government, but it is our job to
listen to Canadians and then make responsible
decisions.
And so when
it comes to defending and promoting human
rights, we have to consult and work ever
more closely with our experts ... such as
all of you. Its why Im here
today. Its why Gar Knutson was here
two weeks ago. Im sure that working
together, we will act in a way that meet
Canadians expectations and promotes
and protects human rights and human dignity
everywhere.
Thank you.
Merci.
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